Published in 2014 by Albin Michel editions, Pétronille is a novel by Amélie Nothomb, which tells the story of a friendship, a meeting, a descent into hell and a failure. It is an impressive autofiction. The theme of the story is, at the same time, composed of reminiscences of the author previous studies which connected together and created a coherent text. The goal of this paper is to study the intertextual dynamism. By referring to Gérard Genette's theories on intertextuality, to the criticism of literary sources, also according to the surrealist collage technique, we will peruse the surprising role of intertext in this novel which contributes to the creation of an allegorical story. Fundamental meanings of novel is behind the frame of a tale. This story tells the pleasant or the awful adventures between the novelist, the narrator, called Amélie Nothomb, and her companion, Pétronille Fanto, and ends with the death of the narrator. So the work becomes the place of the representation of Amélie Nothomb, her introversion and the masked dimensions of her personality. And finally, we analyze the context of this novel which is the efficient example for the theories of Gérard Genette and Roland Barthe on the notions of text, reader and intertextuality.